Категория: History of Pedagogy and Education

Pedagogical expertise of teacher activity in Russia: problems of formation and institutional development (1920–2020s)

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_4_

Dmitry. V. Fedotov

Abstract. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the formation and institutional development of pedagogical expertise in Russia (1920-2020s) as a key mechanism for assessing and regulating teachers’ professional competencies. The specific features of the formation of domestic expert practices are revealed; their interrelation with the socio-political and technological transformations of Russian society is substantiated; the cyclical nature of the problems of the institute of expertise in education (ideologization, formalization, crisis, standardization) is determined. The various innovative approaches for its improvement are being considered. The potential for the development of tools for measuring the effectiveness of pedagogical practice is shown through a multimodal system for evaluating pedagogical effectiveness; a digital ecosystem of expert communities; personalized professional growth trackers, etc. The materials of the article can be useful in developing new criteria for evaluating teachers, taking into account not only formal indicators (length of service, qualifications), but also pedagogical effectiveness, innovative methods.; to create algorithms to reduce the bureaucratic workload during evaluations; to develop educational programs for experts, including courses in pedagogical analytics, as well as to prevent systemic crises and predict risks. The conclusions of the study emphasize the uniqueness of the Russian experience of pedagogical expertise and the need to develop local solutions that take into account the specifics of the national education system.

Key words: pedagogical expertise, expert practice, teacher’s professional activity, professional effectiveness, assessment mechanisms, teacher evaluation criteria, evaluation system reform.

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«New» education methods at private schools of Irkutsk in the early 20th century

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BBK 74.57 UDK 373 (571.53) G 20

L. V. Garashchenko

The article deals with the educational practice of private schools that successfully operated in Irkutsk in the early XX century analyzing unique historical and pedagogical sources. It presents the experience of using «new» methods in work with children and adults. These methods stimulated cognitive activity, developed independence and creativity. It characterizes the initial theoretical positions on which the pedagogical system of separate schools of «new type» was built.

Keywords: history of education, private education, private school, educational process, training methods, cognitive activity development, Irkutsk.

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The problem of valued attitude to pedagogical activity in works by N. A. Dobroliubov

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UDC 37:[011.31] BBK 74.03

Muraeva O. G.

This article is devoted to the description of the views of N. A. Dobrolubov, the prominent representative of the social and pedagogical movement of Russia of the second half of XIX century, on the topical problem of valued attitude to the pedagogical activity. In this regard the definitions of “valued attitude to pedagogical activity” and “social and pedagogical movement of Russia in the second half of the XIX century” are given, Dobrolubov’s opinion to the conditions necessary for forming of valued attitude to pedagogical activity is studied.

Keywords: valued attitude to pedagogical activity; social and pedagogical movement of Russia; the social significance of pedagogical work; legal and financial situation; pedagogical bent; personal sense of pedagogical activity.

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Stages of development of law education in Russia

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UDC 378.634(470+571)”17/20” BBK 74.03

Ostapovich I. Iu., Musinov P. A.

This article considers main stages of development of law education at high school in Russia starting from the 18th century to the present days. This period is characterized by the intensive intergration of Russian education into the global cultural and educational space.

Key words: law education, Academy of Sciences, law schools, the Bologna process, examples of law education at high school

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From the history of Irkutsk pre-revolutionary private education (in the end of the XVIII – beginning of the XX century)

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UDC 9(571.53) BBK 74.03

Litvinova Zh. B.

The article considers formation and development of a private educational system in the pre-revolutionary period in Irkutsk. The author gives a historical review and analysis of private educational institutions in Irkutsk at the end of the XVIII – beginning of the XX century. They were reputed to be schools with a high level of teaching and provided all necessary conditions for the development of students’ creative abilities.

Key words: historical experience, charities, private school, school subjects

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Teacher of Irkutsk province (second half of XIX – early XX centuries)

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UDC 378.01 BBK 74.03

Sheblakova E. N.

The article discusses the standard of living, working conditions and material remuneration of teachers in Irkutsk province in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries.

Key words: teacher, Irkutsk Province, the second half of XIX – early XX centuries, living standards, working conditions, material remuneration

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