# 1, 2025
Air transport security
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_6
Abstract. The correlation analysis method is not limited to finding the closeness of the relationship between the studied parameters. Sometimes it is supplemented by the compilation of regression equations, which are a description of the correlation relationship between the resulting and factorial features. This approach is called the correlation and regression analysis method.
This article devoted to the study of the processes of manufacturing industrial products shows the expansion of the possibilities and practical applicability of correlation and regression analysis methods to establish the relationship and interdependence of technological process parameters in order to increase quality control of finished products.
Keywords: correlation and regression analysis, quality of finished products, controlled parameters of technological processes.
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Avionics, aircraft electrical systems, aircraft navigation complexes and methods for their exploitation
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_22
Abstract. This paper proposes a unified methodology for solving the problems of planning and correcting optimal four-dimensional flight trajectories of an aircraft according to the optimality criteria specified by all participants in the air traffic management (ATM) community, taking into account the influence of wind conditions, no-fly zones, moving zones of difficult weather conditions and other aircrafts. To solve mentioned problems, multilayer neural network models are used to construct user-preferred trajectories based on training the data of completed flights along the corresponding route, the A-star algorithm is used to generate optimal trajectories bypassing stationary and moving zones of dangerous proximity of aircraft, as well as the Bezier curve is used to smooth the piecewise linear trajectories formulated by the A-star algorithm according to the requirements for safe tolerances of aircraft flight trajectories. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of using the proposed methodology, the authors conducted a series of experiments both when planning optimal trajectories pre-departure and when correcting them in flight, taking into account the presence of danger zones (DZ) in the airspace and without them.
Keywords: optimal four-dimensional flight trajectory planning, optimal four-dimensional flight trajectories correction, multilayer neural network models, A-star algorithm, Bezier curve.
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Aviation radio communication, radiolocation, radio navigation and methods of their operation
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_46
Abstract. Design process of highly efficient means of communication, surveillance and navigation using switch-mode amplifiers requires a revision of traditional approaches to the circuitry of radio transmitting devices. The parameters of the physical layer of ADS-B systems using VHF datalink mode 4 (VDL-4) theoretically allow the use of switch-mode amplifiers as part of their transmitters. Such an improvement plays a particularly important role in the context of integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with limited energy reserves on board into the general airspace.
One of the important tasks in the design of such radio technical support for flights operating in the VHF range (primarily onboard, but also ground-based) is to determine approaches to control transistor switches of a power amplifier based on the criteria of efficiency, stability and the ability to provide different operation modes of the switch-mode amplifier. Requirements for the control device have been developed taking into account the standard for the physical layer of VHF datalink mode 4. A conclusion is given on the optimal solutions suitable for building a VDL-4 transmitter with a switch-mode power amplifier, opening up prospects for increasing the efficiency of more than 90%, compared to today’s not exceeding 46%.
Keywords: VDL-4, VHF mode 4, radio transmitter, switch-mode power amplifier, modes (D, DE, E), integrated circuit.
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Air traffic monitoring and management systems
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_64
Abstract. The optimization of air traffic service (ATS) route networks is an effective approach to improving the structure of airspace, increasing its capacity, and reducing air traffic congestion. This paper presents a mathematical model and a method for optimizing ATS route networks based on the A-star algorithm, applied to the area control center Ho Chi Minh (ACC HCM) airspace. The ACC HCM airspace (one of the two ACC airspaces in Vietnam) ranks among the leading airspaces in Southeast Asia in terms of both size and workload. The objective function of the model is to minimize the total length of each ATS route within the studied airspace by systematically addressing specific constraints and optimizing the spatial configuration of ATS routes to ensure the most efficient passage within the given parameters. The calculation results demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach in increasing the airspace capacity, reducing air traffic congestion and operating costs, while maintaining the required level of safety.
Keywords: mathematical model, A-star algorithm, optimization of the ATS route network, air traffic, ACC HCM airspace, minimization of the total length of ATS routes.
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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_86
Abstract. In the general air traffic management system, one of the main functions is performed by the airspace planning (ASP) subsystem, which carries out preliminary (strategic), daily (pre-tactical) and current (tactical) planning with the required quality indicators, the values of which depend on the location and tasks of the aerodrome.
The paper is the first part of the review of existing airspace planning systems. The purpose of the study is to review and comparatively analyze existing air traffic models. Currently, the following air situation models are known: network, probabilistic, load dynamics, expert, air situation development, potentials, entropy. The paper provides an overview of them, identifying their advantages and disadvantages. These models are used to predict air traffic intensity, calculate the shortest routes, form the order of departures and arrivals of aircraft. However, the increase in requirements for airspace capacity and the need to ensure a high level of air traffic safety, with restrictions on aircraft flight parameters, fuel consumption and other indicators of air traffic service quality creates a problematic situation, which, at present, has not been resolved in the existing airspace planning systems. The use of existing models in high-intensity air traffic leads to a significant increase in average fuel consumption, which is why they need to be improved.
Keywords: air situation models, airspace planning, ASP, air traffic safety, fuel consumption, trajectories.
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Air traffic monitoring and management systems. Issues, prospects of development and application of unmanned aircraft systems
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_105
Abstract. The paper considers the prospects of using existing cellular communication networks to create an integrated communication, navigation and surveillance system (iCNS). The main attention is paid to the problem of using iCNS to solve a navigation problem. Classical methods for solving the problem of positioning unmanned aircraft are considered, for which expressions are given that allow estimating the accuracy of positioning. The methods unique to cellular communication networks and their main features are also considered. A methodology for conducting field experiments to assess the accuracy of positioning of a subscriber terminal is presented, and the results obtained for a city of regional subordinance are compared to the results of an experiment in a large city. The prospects of using existing cellular communication networks to solve CNS problems have been determined.
Keywords: cellular communication, base station, unmanned aircraft, iCNS technology, positioning methods, positioning accuracy.
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Aeronautics
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_117
Abstract. A number of problematic issues related to the design features and operation of the main and emergency landing gear systems of modern aircraft are considered. Some contradictions have been noted between the necessity to improve reliability and certain difficulties in using additional emergency landing gear systems on military aircraft. As a result of the analysis of various landing gear extension systems, the Yak-130 aircraft was identified as the object of implementation of the authors’ development on the use of a pyrohydraulic generator in the emergency landing gear extension system. The principle of design and operation of the main units of the proposed system is shown. Using the example of the nose landing gear of an aircraft, a schematic diagram of the functioning of the proposed method of extending the landing gear with a pyrohydraulic generator is demonstrated. Based on the results of the study, the feasibility was confirmed and the possibility of using a pyrohydraulic generator in the emergency landing gear system of an aircraft was justified.
Keywords: Landing gear, extension system, pyrohydraulic generator, reliability, flight safety.
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Discourse and Text: vectors of research
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_132
Abstract. The study considers the issue of linguocultural types as recognizable images of individuals whose specific verbal and non-verbal behavioral characteristics and value dimensions significantly impact the culture of a particular society. The background of the research is the theory of linguocultural types proposed by V.I. Karasik. The paper brings into focus conceptual, figurative features and value dimensions of the professional linguocultural type columnist. Of particular concern in the study is the value component of the linguocultural type columnist. The author claims that the core value of the linguocultural type columnist is based on the conceptual properties ‘personality’, ‘individuality’, ‘character’ of the columnist. The linguistic personality of the columnist is viewed as a bearer of personal views, individual opinions and intellectual qualities. The findings of the study can be applied in courses on cultural linguistics, media discourse and pragmatics.
Key words: linguocultural type, linguistic personality, concept, column, columnist, value characteristics, media discourse.
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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_145
Abstract. The article analyses the modifications of the concept «limita» in the context of song discourse. To solve this problem, the method of analysis of dictionary definitions and inductive frame allocation, discursive and stylistic analysis, conceptual analysis, description of cognitive metaphor, and contextual interpretation were used. The study reveals the expansion of the concept through several key frames, including social, economic, emotional, historical and «migration» ones. Considering the given concept from different points of view, the frame analysis reveals its social, economic, emotional, historical and migration aspects. The analysis of the concept «limita» serves as an example of how song discourse can reflect and shape social stereotypes. The study shows that song discourse not only entertains, but also performs an important social function, contributing to the formation of public opinion and identity.
Keywords: concept, anti-concept, frame, song discourse, linguoculturology, cognitive linguistics, functions of discourse.
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Issues of cognitive linguistics
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_160
Abstract. Despite tireless attention of linguists-theorists and teachers-grammarians to the semantics and functioning of tense-aspect forms in English, theories about the grammar meaning and information in grammar references or textbooks leave much to be desired due to their contradictoriness and weak explanatory clarity. This state of affairs motivates researchers to seek for new, cognitive approaches to studying the semantics of tense-aspect forms. Therefore, the article, on the one hand, provides an overview of traditional interpretations of the Present Simple form available in the research field, and, on the other hand, introduces the reader to a cognitive analysis of the grammar form in question.
Key words: tense-aspect form, grammatical polysemy, prototypical categorization, the Observer, fact.
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General Linguistics
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_176
Abstract. The article considers borrowing as one of the ways to enrich the veterinary terminology system in the German language. The analysis of the factual material revealed that the borrowed terms in the term system under consideration, formed in the majority by hybridization, are derivatives, complex words or terminological phrases. It is revealed that among the derivational methods, the suffix method is the most productive. The formation of complex exogenous terms occurs as a result of hybridization according to three models: 1) the first component of a compound word is a word of German origin, the second component is a loanword, 2) the first component of a compound word is a loanword, the second is a word of German origin, 3) both components of a compound word are loanwords. The most productive confixes involved in the formation of veterinary terms are bakterie-, immun-, toxi-, dermo-, patho-, bio-, hämo-/häm-/hämato-, enzephalo-. Among the terms formed by the syntactic method of word formation, the most frequent are uncomplicated two-component phrases constructed according to the models: Adjektiv/Partizip II + Nomen im Nom or Nomen im Nom + Nomen im Gen. The formation of exogenous terms in the field of veterinary medicine occurs mainly with the help of morphological, morphological-syntactic, as well as syntactic methods of word formation.
Keywords: German veterinary terminological system, borrowings of Greek-Latin origin, term element, exogenous term, hybrid term, confix, morphological methods of word formation, word composition.
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Problems of Terminology
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_194
Abstract. The lexicon related to mining and mineral processing is a special segment of the professional language. Both the mining activity itself, which experiences significant changes in the course of technological progress, and the language reflecting this development are in a state of constant transformation. This article is devoted to the study of the thematic corpus of the German mine hoisting vocabulary, which is a narrow segment of mining terminology, while remaining an integral part of it. The subject of the study are terminological units used in the scientific field of mine hoisting and selected as a result of practical translation activity from specialized technical documentation, technological descriptions and guides. The study aims to investigate thematic groups of the German mine hoisting lexicon by using the lexico-semantic field theory. Such a method of analysis has not been used for the investigated professional lexicon before. Thus, the relevance of the study is determined by the insufficient research of thematic corpus of terms functioning in the lexicon of mine hoisting. The study revealed relevant lexico-semantic groups, determined their place in the field structure and elucidated interrelations of the term system in the language.
Key words: professional language, mine hoisting vocabulary, term, terminology, lexico-semantic groups, lexico-semantic field, German.
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Theoretical and practical issues of foreign languages teaching
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_207
Abstract. The paper focuses on developing students’ pronunciation skills in conditions of distance learning in higher education. The authors analyze the specifics of online EFL lessons (their advantages and disadvantages), list the main mistakes in teaching pronunciation and suggest the ways for teachers to avoid making them. The authors applied several methods during their research, i.e. comparative historical analysis of the up-to-date approaches to teaching pronunciation in English Teaching Methodology, observation, learning experience and project-based learning method. Special attention in the paper is given to the most efficient forms of student work during an online lesson in the aspect of acquiring natural English pronunciation and to the right way for teachers to motivate students and organize their unguided pronunciation practice activities. The importance of fostering students’ pronunciation skills is proven along with the vital role of pronunciation aspect in students’ communicative competence. The aim of teaching pronunciation is established with the term «threshold level of pronunciation». The article also concentrates on specific stages of online listening exercises and on the importance of doing them in the right order. Several options of facilitating the process of acquiring pronunciation skills during distance learning are offered in the article, i.e. shadowing technique, scaffolding, project work and individually-oriented approach.
Keywords: threshold level of pronunciation, oral communicative competence, phonological competence, communicative approach, pronunciation skills, distance learning, listening, connected speech, scaffolding, shadowing, project work.
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Actual issues of vocational pedagogy
DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_218
Abstract. The paper presents a component model of the existential potential of a teacher’s professional development, implemented in the Educational complex “Point of the Future” (Irkutsk), which is a vivid example of an innovative educational environment that supports the existential nature of teachers’ professional development, where self-development acts as a value guideline for both teachers and students. The features of pedagogical work in an innovative educational organization are revealed: “versatility of activity”, “high uncertainty of conditions” and “redundancy of professional opportunities”. Examples of activities contributing to the disclosure of the existential potential of professional development of teachers in the private educational institution “Point of the Future” are given. The tasks of scientific and methodological support are defined as one of the key conditions for actualizing the existential potential of a teacher. The article will be useful for education professionals and heads of educational institutions.
Keywords: existential potential, existential fulfillment, professional identity, reflective culture, professional development of a teacher, innovative educational complex.
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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_230
Abstract. The article considers readiness to use information and communication technologies in professional activities as a socially significant quality of the personality of state and municipal administration specialists, the formation of which meets the needs of the individual and society. The purpose of the article is to determine approaches to the formation of readiness of state and municipal administration specialists to use information and communication technologies as a socio-pedagogical problem. Readiness of specialists to use information and communication technologies is defined as a stable functional state of the individual, which is manifested in the form of a set of abilities. Contradictions of modern education are revealed, the resolution of which under certain conditions will ensure the formation of specialists’ readiness to use information and communication technologies. Approaches to the study of the formation of specialists’ readiness to use information and communication technologies as a socio-pedagogical problem are determined, which is proposed to be considered in the methodological, scientific, theoretical, methodical and practical aspects.
Key words: readiness to use information and communication technologies, contradictions in higher education.
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