Категория: # 2, 2024

Development of a conflict detection and resolution methodololy used in the operational flight 4D-trajectory planning

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2024_2_77

Nguyen Thi Linh Phuong

Evgeny S. Neretin

Nguyen Nhu Man

Abstract. Conflict detection and resolution is one of the key tasks in ensuring the safety and efficiency of air transport. In Trajectory Based Operation (TBO), aircraft are given greater flexibility in planning trajectories along the route and greater responsibility for self-separation from each other, so the pilot will need assistance to safely and efficiently perform the task of decentralized conflict resolution during the en-route flight. In this work, we develop a method for identifying and resolving conflict situations in cruising phase based on four-dimensional grid nodes (4D-grid) and the A-star shortest path search algorithm (A* for short) to form an optimal four-dimensional trajectory (4D-trajectory) bypass all airspace obstacles. This new approach helps to avoid false warnings about potential conflicts due to the ability to early detect them and accurately determine the distance from aircraft to areas of dangerous proximity (prohibited zones (PZ), zones of bad weather, other aircraft) and then autonomously form a time-spatial trajectory to bypass them. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conduct three experiments in different airspace conditions (with and without the areas of dangerous proximity). The results of the experiments prove that potential dangerous proximities of aircraft in flight are effectively identified and resolved using the proposed methodology.

Keywords: Conflict detection and resolution, self-separation, 4D trajectory, 4D-grid, algorithm A*.

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Investigation of the influence of acting loads on microstructural changes in the alloy Inconel 738LC

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2024_2_51

Oleg A. Ratenko

Elizaveta V. Samojlenko

Yurij V. Petrov

Abstract. In modern economic conditions, one of the important tasks is to transfer as many structural elements of aircraft engines as possible to condition-based operation while maintaining a balance between the economic effect and the flight safety level. Such measures will significantly allow aircraft operators to reduce operating costs. One of the candidates for the transition to condition-based operation are turbine blades of gas turbine engines, made from heat-resistant nickel alloys. The microstructure of the heat-resistant nickel alloys is a γ-matrix with dispersed particles of the γ’-phase included into it, which are the elements that provide the high strength properties of nickel alloys. The microstructural changes that occur during the operation of gas turbine engines in turbine blades associated with an increase in the size and shape of the γ’-phase particles, as well as their volume fraction, lead to degradation of the mechanical properties of products. Taking into account these changes can be a tool that will allow one to carry out calculations aimed at assessing the technical condition of the blades of gas turbine engines during their operation.

Key words: gas turbine engine, turbine blade, heat-resistant nickel alloy, γ’-phase, alloy microstructure.

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Aircraft flight safety management system with a basic built-in system of automatic tolerance control of the hydraulic system and failure monitoring and forecasting systems

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2024_2_36

Mihail A Bobrin

Abstract. This paper considers an integrated tolerance control system with failure monitoring and prediction subsystems for aircraft safety management system (ASMS), which is relevant nowadays. The paper deals with the operational component of hydraulic system (HS) tolerance zones. The internal measured parameter is pressure, so it was necessary to find an algorithm that reflects its dependence on operating conditions, its coefficient of kinematic viscosity of the fluid, its temperature, operating time, ambient temperature and flight stage. The operational component of the tolerance zone can be derived from the obtained expression for the pressure by substituting the boundary values of the parameters included in this dependence.

While polling the sensors of the automatic control system it is necessary each time to calculate the range of variation of the parameter for the given stage of flight and other conditions with the help of algorithms for calculating the tolerance zone obtained in the paper. Moreover, the control system has to process a large amount of information using artificial intelligence (AI) methods which allows the safety of aircraft flight (SAF) to be managed.

Keywords: aircraft health management system, aircraft flight safety management system, automatic control system of aircraft hydraulic systems, operational pressure-tolerant zone.

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Different fate of latin verb constructions type «infinitive + habeo» and «habeo + past participle» in french and other romance languages

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2024_2_150

Lydia A.Stanovaïa

Abstract. This article examines the different fate of Latin verb constructions type cantare habeo > je chanterai and habeo cantatam > j’ai chanté. As a result of the analysis, the reasons for the appearance of these periphrases in the Latin language were identified; the features of their further transformation into vulgar Latin during the formation of Romance languages were established; the specifics of the further development of the considered constructions in the process of evolution of the French language and their place in the verb system of modern French were determined; a new explanation of this amazing phenomenon of the evolution of French and other Romance languages was proposed.

Keywords: Latin, Romance languages and Romance linguistics, grammatization, history of the French language, linguistic economy, verb system.

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On the need and possibility of reducing the impact of noise in order to minimize injuries at airlines

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2024_2_6

Evgeniy Yu. Starkov

Nikolay I. Nikolaykin

Elena Ed. Sigaleva

Lilia Yu. Marchenko

Igor N. Merzlikin

Natalia V. Degterenkova

Galina P. Stepanova

Abstract. Summary data on injuries in Russia and at civil aviation enterprises over the years of the current century are presented. Continuous reduction in injury rates has been shown. Significant actual factors of the working environment that contribute to occupational injuries have been statistically identified, one of the main ones being noisy workplaces. Exposure to noise has a negative impact on hearing and the functional state of the central nervous system thus reducing performance, leading to errors, and contributing to injuries. The possibility to counter the noise effects by otoprotection with an argon-oxygen gas mixture has been experimentally confirmed.

Keywords: injuries, noisy workplaces, human factor, civil aviation enterprises, otoprotection, argon.

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