Категория: # 3, 2021

On the issue of automated dispatching control of passenger road transport

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2021_3_27

Nikolai A. Ponomarev

Abstract. The article deals with some theoretical foundations, regulatory legal acts concerning aspects of functioning of an automated control system. The article describes some aspects of operation of the current automated dispatch control system in the city of Omsk and the Omsk region. The characteristics of the served route network in municipal and inter-municipal communication are given. The main parties and their relationships involved in the operation of the automated dispatching control system are described. The article presents some aspects that arise in the context of implementation of state and municipal contracts for regular passenger and baggage transportation on regular transportation routes in the city of Omsk and the Omsk region in accordance with Federal Law No. 44-FZ. The aspects reflecting the practical experience of operation in accordance with the composition of the automated dispatching control system are presented. The article also describes some aspects that arise during the operation of on-board navigation and communication terminals, software, dispatching support for regular traffic, the functioning of communications and information transmission systems, informing passengers about the process of regular traffic. Aspects of functioning of the automated fare payment system, regulatory legal acts regulating the issues of fare payment on the territory of the city of Omsk are considered. The equipment that ensures functioning of these systems is considered.

Keywords: automated, dispatching, management, passenger, automobile, transportation.

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Structural and content model of the lexic-semantical field «Emergency» in the discourse of German media

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2021_3_130

Georgii V. Samorodin

Abstract. The present paper touches upon the means of verbalization of emergencies in the discourse of German media. An attempt of systematizing the field structure description thereof, based on the results of the quantitative and statistical analysis of various means of verbalization implementing rate, is being made. The main task of the study is to identify the most and least frequent lexical and semantic units of the eight microfields identified as parts of the lexical-semantic field “emergency” in the discourse of German media (natural cataclysms, negligence, accident, delinquency, political motive, radicalism, pandemic, technogenic catastrophe), and the subsequent construction of visualization in the form of an orbital model of each of them, indicating the central and peripheral elements, universal and specific linguistic units. The work also makes an assumption about the possible reasons for the use of certain vocabulary, in particular, it touches on the aspect of “trendiness” and stereotyping of the course of certain events and phenomena described in the media, taking into account their value for various types of social interaction, and also establishes intra-field connections between the central and peripheral elements of microfields based on the analysis of the occurrence of the same lexical-semantic units in all of the microfields.

Key words: media discourse, emergency, field theory, mediatext, lexical semantics, means of verbalization

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Small-sized public directive texts during covid pandemic in Germany

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2021_3_103

Maria N. Guz

Natalia V. Pigina

Tatiana V. Morozova

Abstract. The article brings into focus different approaches to studying small-sized public directive texts, which appeared in public areas in Germany to regulate people’s behavior during the 2020 COVID pandemic.

The article studies the major themes of these polycode texts, analyses the correlation between verbal and non-verbal components of the examined texts, describes peculiarities of the non-verbal component, such as color, font and picture image, defines the ways of foregrounding semantically determining elements of the texts.

Particular emphasis is made on characteristics of the addressee and the sender.

The authors point out the characteristic feature of these texts to “save face” on the part of the addressee when the sender of the message puts forward peremptory requirements in the situation of temporary limitation of civil rights and freedoms.

The article studies both direct and indirect strategies of inducement as well as methods tactics allowing these strategies to be most effective and contributing to diminishing the personality-restraining impact of the texts on the addressee.

Furthermore, the article analyzes various means of expressing inducement in the studied texts, such as the infinitive, imperative and infinitive sentence, and draws conclusions about the prevailing forms in the analyzed texts.

Key-words: small-sized public directive text, polycode text, non-verbal component, “face” of the addressee, prescriptive texts, strategies of direct and indirect inducement, ways of expressing inducement, the category of inducement, linguistic landscape, COVID pandemic.

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Modus of imagination in the categorial space of the english language

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2021_3_72

Tatiana I. Semenova

Anna S. Ishenina

Abstract. The theoretical background of the research is a set of principles and assumptions of cognitive linguistics to the study of the interrelation of linguistic and cognitive structures. The goal of the paper is to consider linguistic conceptualization of mental imagery. Linguocognitive approach to mental verbs as mental representations enables to highlight the complexity of the semantic structure of imagination predicates. The paper brings into focus the issue of the categorical status of the linguistic phenomenon of imagination. It is argued that imagination is structured in the language as a modus category in which the role of the cognizing subject is fixed. The authors claim that modus of imagination represents a specific knowledge structure of the formation of mental images of objects, situations, and states of affairs in the mind of a cognizing subject. The findings obtained may be helpful for further study of the role of language in providing access to cognitive structures and to understanding how human mind works.

Key words: imagination, knowledge structure, mental representation, mental image, linguistic conceptualization, categorical status, modus.

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Development of a mechanism for assessing the performance and efficiency of application of expert systems*

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2021_3_6

Ljudmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Nikolaj Dmitrievich Koryagin

Abstract. The availability of IT educational resources for obtaining new and additional professional knowledge has become increasingly relevant in recent years. This is due to the fact that the use of expert systems opens up a series of advantages: expansion of geographical and temporal possibilities; unlimited availability; increasing the intensity of training; optimization of the acquisition and transfer of knowledge. At the same time, there is an urgent need to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of expert systems when assessing the level of qualifications of specialists who ensure flight safety (FS) in civil aviation. Currently, depending on the field of activity, the concepts of efficiency and effectiveness are interpreted in different ways. More often than not, performance reflects the degree to which a planned result has been achieved. Efficiency is the comparison of the result with the cost of achieving it. The practice of using points and ratings to assess the training of safety oversight inspectors in the format of using expert systems, as shown by the results of a previous study, reflects only the effectiveness and does not provide an opportunity to compare the learning processes from the standpoint of the effectiveness of their implementation. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to develop a new evaluation mechanism that combines the effectiveness and efficiency of the use of expert systems. This explains the relevance of the presented work.

Key words: competence, civil aviation, expert systems.

*Publication was prepared within the framework of project No. 19-08-00028, supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (RFFI).

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