The authors proposed a methodology for managing the information field inside the cockpit onboard a civil airplane which allows the crew’s workload to be reduced due to applying a unified approach to controlling all indication elements.
Key words: civil airplane, cockpit, ergonomics, onboard equipment.
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The article deals with the issues of circulation of the Earth’s environments in the area of its rotation relative to pole axis NS. The research of circulation of the Earth’s environments is based on the Biot-Savart law in its simplest form on the basis of an infinitely long vortex which has found wide application in airfoil aerodynamics, gas dynamics and in hydrodynamics. When applying the Biot-Savart law to the Earth’s material environments in its daily rotation we found a dependence of circulation of speed Г of the elementary particle under study with its relative height (depth) ±Н relative to the Earth’s averaged surface and geographical latitude. The essence of this dependence is presented in a mathematical expression of physical parameters of our planet. The obtained intensity of circulation of speed Г of the Earth’s environments is converted in non-dimensional criterial parameters. On their basis the vortex characteristics for the Earth’s environments are proposed. Their classification is given. The authors developed a package of consequences of the vortex characteristics and proposed a working process of little known vortex phenomena of geophysics in terms of vortex dynamics of freely balanced environments of a planet of “Earth” type. The consequences of the vortex characteristics of the Earth’s environments and peculiarities of the working process of geophysical phenomena on the Sun are proposed.
Keywords: daily rotation, circulation of the Earth’s environments, vortex characteristics, consequences of the vortex characteristics of the Earth’s environments.
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The article presents the materials confirming the possibility and explaining the algorithm of partial modernization of on-board equipment analog units on the example of Mi-8 helicopter de-icing system. The proposed solution makes it possible to reduce weight and cost, increase reliability of complex technical systems operation.
Key words: modernization, aviation equipment, digital control unit, microcontroller.
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The paper deals with analytical prediction methods, probabilistic methods and artificial neural network methods used for solving the problem of predicting the state of onboard complex systems, in particular mathematical modelling, operator method, method of predicting an univariate time series, method of potential functions, zone method and integrated-point method.
Key words: civil aircraft, integrated module avionics, onboard maintenance system, distributed architecture, onboard radio equipment, predictive models.
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To ensure the safety of flight operations is a priority for civil aircraft designers. In this connection, in parallel with the development, the assessment of safety takes place, both at the level of an aircraft and at the level of its separate system. The present paper is devoted to the analysis of potential problems which can arise during procedures of assessing the system safety on the example of onboard equipment and ways of their elimination. The paper is the first in a circle of articles devoted to developing a strategy of the model-based approach to safety assessment.
Key words: engineering, civil aviation, onboard equipment, safety assessment, reliability, model-based approach.
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The work is devoted to the analysis of problems in performing the four-dimensional routes, as well as the development of the architecture of a decision support system for simplified procedures of flying in emergency situations during the flight. The developed architecture allows the crew to be provided with the necessary information for decision making in instrument meteorological conditions as well as in conflict situations with other air traffic participants.
Key words: Civil aircraft, integrated modular avionics, flight management system, 4-D navigation, decision support system.
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Design and production of aircraft gas-turbine engines and their components is a high-scale and complex process. As separate branches of science develop, technological innovations are implemented and feed-back of their use is received, the design-and-production chain gets more complicated as well. On the one hand, this gives an opportunity to improve the product due to implementation of new ideas and approaches in its design, on the other hand, this brings about growth in the knowledge-intensity and increases the cost of the final product. In its turn, need for improvement of the product is required by the system of continued airworthiness with its standards improving over time as well.
Key words: combustor, aircraft gas-turbine engine, operational requirements, method of justification for requirements, airworthiness.
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The requirements for an aircraft engine as a whole are significantly influenced by processes inside its combustor. As justification for the nomenclature of operational requirements is based on some laws of effects of different parameters, it is necessary to carry out a factor analysis of the processes inside the combustor for revealing these laws both without any heat effect on the flow kinetics and with it during fuel combustion. For this purpose, an integrated system of forming external appearance of the research object has to be built and this, in its turn, implies its fragmentation into separate locations and detailed elaboration of the combustor block-diagram piece by piece. Then the results from separate parts have to be matched and integrated into a unified system for coherent configuration of the research object and during calculations this is the system which is under the factor analysis. The factor analysis of both the intermediate and final results of optimization according to the chosen criteria allows justifying the list of operational requirements necessary for the desired level of simulations. The article presents the factor analysis of processes in the inlet of the trapped vortex combustor.
Key words: combustor, aircraft gas-turbine engine, operational requirements, justification of requirements, factor analysis.
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Integrated flight control system of a civil aircraft safety requirements validation process using means of model-based design is considered. The necessity for correct Functional Hazard Assessment is explained. Hardware and software needed for the problem are described. Complex mathematical model structure and human machine interface are provided.
Key words: model-based design, control systems, flight safety, requirements validation.
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The paper analyzes the concepts of avionics, the principles of creating complexes of avionics equipment and existing analogues of on-board maintenance systems (OMS). The architecture of the OMS, its functional software and hardware for civil aircraft is proposed. OMS developed on the basis of integrated modular avionics (IMA) will allow you to unload the cable network of the aircraft, increase the reliability of the system as a whole, and simplify the work with OMS for the ground maintenance personnel.
Key words: civil aircraft, integrated modular avionics, on-Board Maintenance System, distributed architecture, avionics.
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