DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2021_3_6

Ljudmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Nikolaj Dmitrievich Koryagin

Abstract. The availability of IT educational resources for obtaining new and additional professional knowledge has become increasingly relevant in recent years. This is due to the fact that the use of expert systems opens up a series of advantages: expansion of geographical and temporal possibilities; unlimited availability; increasing the intensity of training; optimization of the acquisition and transfer of knowledge. At the same time, there is an urgent need to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of expert systems when assessing the level of qualifications of specialists who ensure flight safety (FS) in civil aviation. Currently, depending on the field of activity, the concepts of efficiency and effectiveness are interpreted in different ways. More often than not, performance reflects the degree to which a planned result has been achieved. Efficiency is the comparison of the result with the cost of achieving it. The practice of using points and ratings to assess the training of safety oversight inspectors in the format of using expert systems, as shown by the results of a previous study, reflects only the effectiveness and does not provide an opportunity to compare the learning processes from the standpoint of the effectiveness of their implementation. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to develop a new evaluation mechanism that combines the effectiveness and efficiency of the use of expert systems. This explains the relevance of the presented work.

Key words: competence, civil aviation, expert systems.

*Publication was prepared within the framework of project No. 19-08-00028, supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (RFFI).

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2021_1_44

Pavel S. Nazarov

Sergey A. Kudriakov

Vladimir V. Ustinov

Abstract. The authors propose an algorithm of identifying maneuvers and characteristic points on their flightpaths for software implementation of algorithms for assessing the flight crew’s proficiency level according to information of flight data recorders and processing of the recorded information of flight parameters by ground-based devices for processing flight information such as Topaz-M.  

Key words: programs of flight training, image recognition, software implementations of algorithms for assessing piloting technique.

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Nazarov P. S.

Ustinov V. V.

The methods and algorithms of calculation of weight coefficients used for estimation of training level of flight school cadets with account of the number of exercises and quality of their performance are offered. Weight coefficients of significance of flight parameters included in the algorithm of estimation of piloting technique and significance of flight elements included in the given exercise are considered.

Keywords: flight safety, flight crew training, weight coefficients of alternative significance.

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Bolshedvorskaya L.G.

The aim of the work is to develop an algorithm for the training process for safety oversight  inspectors through modeling specific tasks and practical tasks. The complexity of solving the problem aimed at achieving this goal is that in the course of developing a learning algorithm, information, in terms of goals, areas and criteria for assessing competencies and information reflecting the types of operational activities, should be described using appropriate mathematical models with a high degree of reliability. The general approach to the development of an algorithm is the presence of the following procedures:

• setting training standards, including the frequency for each type of training;
• conducting initial theoretical training for specific tasks;
• consolidation of theoretical knowledge by performing practical tasks;
• assessing the effectiveness of the training system.

Key word: expert systems, safety inspectors, task modeling.

*Publication was prepared within the framework of project No. 19-08-00028, supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (RFFI).

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UDK 656.7.071:658.386 BBK 74.570.22

Ustinov V. V.

Nazarov P. S.

The article offers methods and algorithms for recognizing maneuvers and aerobatic figures, scoring the quality of flight task performance, calculating the weight coefficients of the significance of flight parameters included in the evaluation criteria and the weight coefficients of flight elements included in the exercise, evaluating the level of training of flight students taking into account the quality of flight task performance and breaks in flight training.

Keywords: flight safety, flight training programs, training assessment, flight performance assessment, weight coefficients, pattern recognition, probability and statistics, normal distribution law of random variables.

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UDK 004.415.25 BBK 39.5

Bolshedvorskaya L. G.

Koryagin N. D.

The paper continues the series of publications aimed at developing the concept of architecture and composition of algorithms for an expert system intended to increase the efficiency of flight safety inspectors’ training. The research relevance and problem statement were published in “Analysis of applying the expert systems for diagnosis of troublesome areas in the system of training pilots for civil aviation” which revealed the factors affecting the formation of air staff’s professional competence. It was also noted that the most of the factors could be corrected during training. The research results presented in “Development of the architecture of an expert system for diagnosis of troublesome areas in air personnel’s training” are a follow-up for the study. The development of architecture for an expert system was based on amount and quality of the information about the results of air accidents investigations as well as the results of IT technological advances. The article points out that developing and implementing an expert diagnosis system should include several stages, the stage of knowledge evaluation being the most important.  This determines the relevance of the presented paper aimed to develop an efficient tool set for evaluating air staff’s knowledge and professional competence.

Key words: competence, civil aviation, fuzzy logics, expert systems.

 

*Publication was prepared within the framework of project No. 19-08-00028, supported by a grant from the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (RFFI).

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UDK 629.735 BBK 39.5

N. I. Nikolajkin

V. D. Sharov

V. E. Andrusov

The authors analyze the information on the most widespread types of human errors which entailed emergences, accidents in various branches of economy and which led to various negative aviation events in civil aviation. Features of collective work in aviation were revealed and analyzed. It is shown how the problem of wrong actions influence on air-transport activity results is reflected in documents of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

Evolution of account for influence of the “human factor” in various groups of air enterprise employees is considered. As the basic principles of flight crew’s collective work management were fulfilled reasonably well, it is expedient to extend these principles at land sites of collective work at air enterprises, down to aviation equipment maintenance crews.

On the basis of information about the incidents which happened to domestic commercial aircrafts from 2011 to 2016 (in which as the reasons the various violations occurred at maintenance were recognized), the examples illustrating “dirty dozen” of factors which predetermined workers’ errors were reviewed.

The article concludes that in organizing the maintenance processes in the modern domestic civil aviation it is important to develop a system of maintenance resources management including formation of skills and increase of staff quality levels. A pressing problem is the need to account for workers’ personal features and their health condition when forming the every shift of production teams as well as expediency of compensation of workers’ overstrain because of a regular employee’s disease. It is noted that the suggestion will allow increasing the branch safety level.

Keywords: aviation, collective work, management, human factor, emergency, accident, aviation incident.

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UDC 629.7;629.95; 656.085.22 BBK 39.5

Nikolaykin N. I., Pozheluyeva Z. V., Starkov E. Yu., Tsetlin V. V., Savchukov S. A.

The article analyzes statistical information on air transportation growth and the number of aviation incidents over the last 10 years against the present global challenges for development of the world civil aviation. The growth of air transportation intensity draws special attention to danger decrease by reduction of “a human factor” influence. The statistical data analysis of all Russian aircraft types showed that incidents and accidents happened more often to airplanes, including general aviation planes, aerostats, autogyros, ultralight planes. The examples of typical aviation incidents for the last decade connected with the crew’s actions are given. On materials of official investigations, their reasons are analyzed.

It is shown that flight operation safety requires the development of new methods of its assessment, formation of theoretical fundamentals of continuing airworthiness and accidents prevention. A human is the most adapting part of aviation system, but he is the most open for the external impacts that can influence his behavior.

The article describes procedure and results of the experiment in which, by means of laboratory ionomers, the change of oxidizing properties of specially prepared (cleared) water placed in a standard electrochemical cell was registered within a day. It is shown how geo-heliophysical environmental perturbations influence some water properties which are authentically registered in experimental cells. The article concludes that there is their certain influence on a person’s behavior and also on his possible behavior deviations.

Keywords: flights safety; aviation incident; human factor; heliophysical factors; geophysical factors; danger

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