Категория: 2.9. Transport systems

Development and application of a virtual simulator for the MI-8T helicopter based on VR technology

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_2_26

Vladimir M. Popov

Sergey V. Snimshchikov

Vyacheslav S. Turchanovskiy

Arseniy Yu. Kolmakov

Abstract. The paper deals with the development and application of a virtual simulator of MI-8T helicopter based on Virtual Reality technology using Blender, 3DCoat and Unity software which allows reproducing a realistic picture of instrument panels, electrical panels and flight controls of the helicopter.  The operator interacting with them can carry out various procedures of switching on, checking the operability and readiness of onboard equipment for flight. This is useful in conducting lessons for students and cadets of the university and in advanced training of aviation specialists and can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of the educational process and training of aviation specialists.

Keywords: virtual reality, virtual helicopter simulator, VR technology.

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Volgograd students’ attitude to unmanned motor vehicles (based on a pilot study)

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_2_86

Raisa M. Petruneva

Angelina E. Miloenko

Maria M. Panarina

Boris A. Medvedev

Ilya A. Kharin

Abstract. The article presents the results of the research conducted by students of the Faculty of Motor Transport of VolgSTU. It is shown that students are informed about this type of transport to different degrees, many have an idea about the prospects for its introduction into the urban infrastructure, and they also understand the dangers of its use. It is revealed that the attitude to the introduction of unmanned motor vehicles depends not only on gender preferences, but also on the driving experience of respondents.

Keywords: unmanned motor vehicles, sociological surveys, motor vehicle safety, artificial intelligence in transportation.

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Current state and prospects for development of systems for planning airspace management. Part 1

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_86

Alexander Yu. Knyazhsky

Sergey V. Baushev

Abstract. In the general air traffic management system, one of the main functions is performed by the airspace planning (ASP) subsystem, which carries out preliminary (strategic), daily (pre-tactical) and current (tactical) planning with the required quality indicators, the values of which depend on the location and tasks of the aerodrome.

The paper is the first part of the review of existing airspace planning systems. The purpose of the study is to review and comparatively analyze existing air traffic models. Currently, the following air situation models are known: network, probabilistic, load dynamics, expert, air situation development, potentials, entropy. The paper provides an overview of them, identifying their advantages and disadvantages. These models are used to predict air traffic intensity, calculate the shortest routes, form the order of departures and arrivals of aircraft. However, the increase in requirements for airspace capacity and the need to ensure a high level of air traffic safety, with restrictions on aircraft flight parameters, fuel consumption and other indicators of air traffic service quality creates a problematic situation, which, at present, has not been resolved in the existing airspace planning systems. The use of existing models in high-intensity air traffic leads to a significant increase in average fuel consumption, which is why they need to be improved.

Keywords: air situation models, airspace planning, ASP, air traffic safety, fuel consumption, trajectories.

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Correlation analysis of technological processes relative to controlled product parameters

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_6

Nikolai S. Khersonsky

Ludmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Abstract. The correlation analysis method is not limited to finding the closeness of the relationship between the studied parameters. Sometimes it is supplemented by the compilation of regression equations, which are a description of the correlation relationship between the resulting and factorial features. This approach is called the correlation and regression analysis method.

This article devoted to the study of the processes of manufacturing industrial products shows the expansion of the possibilities and practical applicability of correlation and regression analysis methods to establish the relationship and interdependence of technological process parameters in order to increase quality control of finished products.

Keywords: correlation and regression analysis, quality of finished products, controlled parameters of technological processes.

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The analysis of the possibility to use a pyrohydraulic generator in the emergency system of an aircraft landing gear

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_117

Anatoly F. Penno

Yury P. Belovodsky

Abstract. A number of problematic issues related to the design features and operation of the main and emergency landing gear systems of modern aircraft are considered. Some contradictions have been noted between the necessity to improve reliability and certain difficulties in using additional emergency landing gear systems on military aircraft. As a result of the analysis of various landing gear extension systems, the Yak-130 aircraft was identified as the object of implementation of the authors’ development on the use of a pyrohydraulic generator in the emergency landing gear extension system. The principle of design and operation of the main units of the proposed system is shown. Using the example of the nose landing gear of an aircraft, a schematic diagram of the functioning of the proposed method of extending the landing gear with a pyrohydraulic generator is demonstrated. Based on the results of the study, the feasibility was confirmed and the possibility of using a pyrohydraulic generator in the emergency landing gear system of an aircraft was justified.

Keywords: Landing gear, extension system, pyrohydraulic generator, reliability, flight safety.

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Unified methodology for planning optimal four-dimensional flight trajectories at the cruising stage in air traffic management

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_22

Nguyen Thi Linh Phuong

Evgeny S. Neretin

Nguyen Nhu Man

Abstract. This paper proposes a unified methodology for solving the problems of planning and correcting optimal four-dimensional flight trajectories of an aircraft according to the optimality criteria specified by all participants in the air traffic management (ATM) community, taking into account the influence of wind conditions, no-fly zones, moving zones of difficult weather conditions and other aircrafts. To solve mentioned problems, multilayer neural network models are used to construct user-preferred trajectories based on training the data of completed flights along the corresponding route, the A-star algorithm is used to generate optimal trajectories bypassing stationary and moving zones of dangerous proximity of aircraft, as well as the Bezier curve is used to smooth the piecewise linear trajectories formulated by the A-star algorithm according to the requirements for safe tolerances of aircraft flight trajectories. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of using the proposed methodology, the authors conducted a series of experiments both when planning optimal trajectories pre-departure and when correcting them in flight, taking into account the presence of danger zones (DZ) in the airspace and without them.

Keywords: optimal four-dimensional flight trajectory planning, optimal four-dimensional flight trajectories correction, multilayer neural network models, A-star algorithm, Bezier curve.

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Assessment of the mobile positioning accuracy in cellular networks

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_105

Oleg N. Skrypnik

Alexander A. Kozich

Abstract. The paper considers the prospects of using existing cellular communication networks to create an integrated communication, navigation and surveillance system (iCNS). The main attention is paid to the problem of using iCNS to solve a navigation problem. Classical methods for solving the problem of positioning unmanned aircraft are considered, for which expressions are given that allow estimating the accuracy of positioning. The methods unique to cellular communication networks and their main features are also considered. A methodology for conducting field experiments to assess the accuracy of positioning of a subscriber terminal is presented, and the results obtained for a city of regional subordinance are compared to the results of an experiment in a large city. The prospects of using existing cellular communication networks to solve CNS problems have been determined.

Keywords: cellular communication, base station, unmanned aircraft, iCNS technology, positioning methods, positioning accuracy.

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Mathematical model and application of the A-star algorithm to optimize ATS routes in the area control center Ho Chi Minh airspace

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_64

Nguyen Ngoc Hoang Quan

Vladimir N. Nechaev

Vyacheslav B. Malygin

Abstract. The optimization of air traffic service (ATS) route networks is an effective approach to improving the structure of airspace, increasing its capacity, and reducing air traffic congestion. This paper presents a mathematical model and a method for optimizing ATS route networks based on the A-star algorithm, applied to the area control center Ho Chi Minh (ACC HCM) airspace. The ACC HCM airspace (one of the two ACC airspaces in Vietnam) ranks among the leading airspaces in Southeast Asia in terms of both size and workload. The objective function of the model is to minimize the total length of each ATS route within the studied airspace by systematically addressing specific constraints and optimizing the spatial configuration of ATS routes to ensure the most efficient passage within the given parameters. The calculation results demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach in increasing the airspace capacity, reducing air traffic congestion and operating costs, while maintaining the required level of safety.

Keywords: mathematical model, A-star algorithm, optimization of the ATS route network, air traffic, ACC HCM airspace, minimization of the total length of ATS routes.

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Transistor switches driving in ADS-B / mode 4 amplifiers

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2025_1_46

Fedor M. Stepanov

Abstract. Design process of highly efficient means of communication, surveillance and navigation using switch-mode amplifiers requires a revision of traditional approaches to the circuitry of radio transmitting devices. The parameters of the physical layer of ADS-B systems using VHF datalink mode 4 (VDL-4) theoretically allow the use of switch-mode amplifiers as part of their transmitters. Such an improvement plays a particularly important role in the context of integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with limited energy reserves on board into the general airspace.

One of the important tasks in the design of such radio technical support for flights operating in the VHF range (primarily onboard, but also ground-based) is to determine approaches to control transistor switches of a power amplifier based on the criteria of efficiency, stability and the ability to provide different operation modes of the switch-mode amplifier. Requirements for the control device have been developed taking into account the standard for the physical layer of VHF datalink mode 4. A conclusion is given on the optimal solutions suitable for building a VDL-4 transmitter with a switch-mode power amplifier, opening up prospects for increasing the efficiency of more than 90%, compared to today’s not exceeding 46%.

Keywords: VDL-4, VHF mode 4, radio transmitter, switch-mode power amplifier, modes (D, DE, E), integrated circuit.

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Application of one-factor and three-factor analysis of variance in the study of technological processes

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2024_4_34

Nikolai S. Khersonsky

Ludmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Abstract. The article provides an overview of the applicability of statistical methods for assessing the results of production processes in various industries. The authors emphasize the effectiveness of the system approach implemented in the methods of analysis of variance, which contributes to technology improvement and allows the influence of each factor and their interaction to be studied in detail. In addition, the results of the analysis of variance can be integrated into the quality management system, which makes it possible to continuously monitor and adjust production processes, and prevent deviations in the output parameters of various parts. The paper provides an example of applying the analysis of variance in the study of technological processes of pressing the components from various materials in designing, manufacturing and controlling the quality of defense and industrial products.

Keywords: analysis of variance, statistical methods, experiment, technological process.

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