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Confirmation of ADS-B messages by aircraft flight altitude

DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_118

Alexander P. Plyasovskih

Evgeny A. Rubtsov

Andrey S. Kalintsev

Vladislav Y. Davidenko

Abstract. Proposed the method for confirming ADS-B data based on the analysis of information about the aircraft altitude and atmospheric parameters. To confirm the reliability of ADS-B messages, proposed to compare the geometric height obtained from satellite navigation system data with the height calculated for the real atmosphere (based on information from the meteorological service on pressure and temperature). To implement the proposed methodology, required the following input data: pressure at the level of the weather station, temperature at the level of the weather station and at flight altitudes, and data on geometric and barometric altitudes transmitted in the ADS message. It has been established that the greatest error in the calculations is introduced by the temperature at the aircraft flight altitude. In order to reduce the influence of errors in determining the temperature, proposed to use data from weather balloons. With developed methodology, a calculation was performed using real altitude data transmitted in the ADS-B message and the required data from the meteorological service. Messages received from the ADS-B ground station NS-1A manufactured by JSC VNIIRA, which is installed at the Mezen airfield, were used. The developed methodology is proposed to be used to confirm ADS-B data at regional aerodromes with low flight intensity.

Key words: ADS-B, weather balloon, barometric altitude, geometric altitude, pressure, temperature, Laplace formula, ISA.

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Rubtsov Evgeny Andreevitch

Emailrubtsov.rut.miit@yandex.ru

Place of work: Federal State Institution of Higher Education “Russian University of Transport” (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

Academic degree: Candidate of Technical Sciences

Post: deputy director of Academy of civil aviation RUT (MIIT)

Specialty from nomenclature of scientific specialties (Code of Higher Attestation Commission):  05.22.13 – Navigation and air traffic control

Scientific major: flight safety, radio technical support for flights of manned and unmanned aircraft, aviation surveillance.

Important publications:

  1. ADS-B data gating technique and its probabilistic models / E.A. Rubtsov, S.A. Kudryakov, I.M. Dalinger, A.S. Kalintsev // Civil Aviation High Technologies. – 2023. – Vol. 26, No 4. – Pp. 50-63. – DOI 10.26467/2079-0619-2023-26-4-50-63. – EDN LWXHZS..
  2. Features of unmanned aircraft detection using precision approach radar / E.A. Rubtsov, A.V. Fedorov, N.V. Povarenkin, Al-Rubaye Mudher // Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics. 2022. Volume 25. No. 3. Pp. 51-61. DOI 10.32603/1993-8985-2022-25-3-51-61.
  3. Kalintsev, A., Rubtsov, E., Povarenkin, N. (2023). Application of ADS-B for Providing Surveillance at Civil Aviation Regional Aerodromes. In: Gorbachev, O.A., Gao, X., Li, B. (eds) Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Recent Advances in Civil Aviation. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3788-0_33.

Kalintsev Andrey Sergeevich

Emailkas4job@gmail.com

Place of work: The State Scientific Research Institute of Civil Aviation (GosNII GA), Moscow, Russia

Post: Deputy Head of the Department – Head of Sector No. 4 of Advanced satellite navigation facilities

Scientific major: flight safety, radio technical support for flights of manned and unmanned aircraft, aviation surveillance, ADS-B

Important publications:

  1. Kalintsev A.S. Confirmation of ADS-B data in the aerodrome traffic zone by gating method / A.S. Kalintsev, E.A. Rubtsov, A.P. Plyasovskih // T-Comm: Telecommunications and transport. 2021. Volume 15. No. 7. Pp. 39-49. DOI 10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-7-39-49.
  2. Kalintsev A.S.  Method of detecting false intentionally generated ADS-B signals. / A.S. Kalintsev, E.A.  Rubtsov // T-Comm: Telecommunications and transport. 2020.  Volume 14. No. 11. Pр. 4-13. DOI 10.36724/2072-8735-2020-14-11-4-13.
  3. Kalintsev A., Rubtsov E., Povarenkin N. (2023). Application of ADS-B for Providing Surveillance at Civil Aviation Regional Aerodromes. In: Gorbachev, O. A., Gao, X., Li, B. (eds) Proceedings of 10th International Conference on Recent Advances in Civil Aviation. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3788-0_33

Davidenko Vladislav Yurievich

Email: david071521@mail.ru

Place of study: St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation named after Air Chief Marshal A.A. Novikov, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Status: postgraduate student of Department of Organization and Management in Transport Systems

Scientific major: aviation surveillance systems, Automatic dependent surveillance.

Important publications:

  1. Plyasovskikh A. P. Confirmation of ADS-B Messages by aircraft flight altitude / A. P. Plyasovskikh, E. A. Rubtsov, A. S. Kalintsev, V. Yu. Davidenko // Crede Experto: transport, society, education, language. – 2023. – № 1(36). – pp. 118-133. – DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_118.
  2. Abdul’manov T. M. An experiment to measure the observed rate of a moving clock / T. M. Abdul’manov, YE. A. Antokhin, V. Yu. Davidenko [et al.] // Automatics & Software Enginery. – 2022. – № 4(42). P. 41-47.

The experience of technical operation of air data inertial reference system of A-320 aircraft

DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_134

Alexander L. Kivokurtsev

Oleg A. Sokolov

Alexander Yu. Yurin

Abstract. The article presents the experience of technical operation of the air data inertial reference system (ADIRS) both on real aircraft in airlines and on a procedure trainer during the “Simulator training” practice at a university. The features of the ADIRS construction are considered, its central role as the main source of flight and navigation information in the composition of the integrated onboard complex is shown. The main method of technical operation of the system under consideration is “on-condition” operation, i.e. operation until a dangerous failure occurs that can affect flight safety.

Through full-scale experiments based on the analysis of the system performance in real conditions typical failures are shown, emergency situations and possibility of system reconfiguration are considered. In the presence of a procedure trainer it is possible through experiments to study the features of the system operation, to develop a methodology for identifying and eliminating some failures.

The article proposes to use a continuous training system, consisting of three stages, when training aviation specialists. The first stage is a discussion of the construction features, the experience of technical operation of the systems under study at a local scientific and practical conference. The second is performing practical tasks for the systems under study on a procedure trainer. The third is conducting the technical operation work on the real aircraft systems.

Keywords: Air Data Inertial Reference System (ADIRS), Air Data Reference (ADR), Inertial Reference (IR), strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS), technical operation experience, “on-condition” technical operation, aviation specialists’ training, continuous training system.

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Yurin Aleksandr Yurievich

Emailiskander@icc.ru

Place of work: Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISDCT SB RAS), Irkutsk, Russia

Academic degree: Candidate of Technical Sciences

Academic status:  associate professor

Post: leading researcher, head of the laboratory

Specialty from nomenclature of scientific specialties (Code of Higher Attestation Commission):  2.3.5. – Mathware and software of computers, complexes and computer networks

Scientific major: decision support systems, expert systems, knowledge bases, diagnostics, technical systems 

Important publications:

  1. Yurin A. A Technique for Rapid Development of Declarative Knowledge Bases for Aircraft Diagnostics Based on Decision Tables / A.Yu. Yurin, O.A. Nikolaychuk, N.O. Dorodnykh, Yu.V. Kotov // Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 2022, Vol.502, P. 140-149. DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-09076-9_13
  2. Yurin A. Knowledge Bases Engineering Based on Event Trees Transformations: A Case Study for Aircraft Diagnostics / A.Yu. Yurin, O.A. Nikolaychuk, N.O. Dorodnykh, A.B. Stolbov, Y.V. Kotlov, V.M. Popov // Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 2022, Vol 566, P. 3-12. DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-19620-1_1

Sokolov Oleg Arkadyevich

Emailsokolov_o_a@mail.ru

Place of work: Saint-Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Academic degree: Candidate of Technical Sciences

Post: associate professor of the department of automatic control

Specialty from nomenclature of scientific specialties (Code of Higher Attestation Commission):  2.9.6. – Air navigation and operation of aviation equipment

Scientific major: adaptive systems for automatic flight control, algorithms for fault-tolerant strapdown inertial navigation systems, technical operation of integrated avionics complexes 

Important publications:

  1. Sokolov O. A. A variant of the reference model of an adaptive system for improving the stability and controllability of an aircraft for the “damper” mode / O. A. Sokolov, A. L. Kivokurtsev, D. O. Sokolov // Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation. – – No. 3 (20). – pp. 60-68. – EDN YQKJWH.
  2. Kivokurtsev A. L. Improving the reliability of an integrated avionics complex based on the sliding redundancy method / A. L. Kivokurtsev, O. A. Sokolov // Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation. – – No. 2 (31). – pp. 120-129. – EDN VEMAMT.
  3. Kivokurtsev A. L. Features of optimization for orientation algorithms of the aviation strapdown inertial navigation system / A. L. Kivokurtsev, O. A. Sokolov // Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation. – – No. 3 (24). – pp. 62-73. – EDN FFOQCN

Kivokurtsev Aleksandr Leonidovich

Emailkivokurtsev_al@mail.ru

Place of work: Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation, Irkutsk Branch, Irkutsk, Russia

Academic degree: Candidate of Technical Sciences

Post: associate professor of the department of aviation electrical systems and flight and navigation systems

Specialty from nomenclature of scientific specialties (Code of Higher Attestation Commission): 2.9.6. – Air navigation and operation of aviation equipment (05.22.14 – Operation of air transport)

Scientific major: technical operation of integrated onboard equipment complexes, algorithms for fault-tolerant strapdown inertial navigation systems, adaptive systems for automatic flight control

Important publications:

  1. Kivokurtsev A. L. Improving the reliability of an integrated avionics complex based on the sliding redundancy method / A. L. Kivokurtsev, O. A. Sokolov // Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation. – 2021. – No. 2 (31). – pp. 120-129. – EDN VEMAMT.
  2. Kivokurtsev A. L. Features of the use of “FAROS A-320” procedural simulators for the preparation of students at the university / A. L. Kivokurtsev // Actual problems and prospects of development of civil aviation: Proceedings of the X International Scientific and Practical Conference, Irkutsk, October 14-15, 2021 – Irkutsk: Irkutsk branch MSTUCA, 2021. – pp. 144-153. – EDN BQHYIX.
  3. Kivokurtsev A. L. Features of optimization for orientation algorithms of the aviation strapdown inertial navigation system / A. L. Kivokurtsev, O. A. Sokolov // Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation. – 2019. – No. 3 (24). – pp. 62-73. – EDN FFOQCN
  4. Sokolov O. A. A variant of the reference model of an adaptive system for improving the stability and controllability of an aircraft for the “damper” mode / O. A. Sokolov, A. L. Kivokurtsev, D. O. Sokolov // Bulletin of the St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation. – 2018. – No. 3 (20). – pp. 60-68. – EDN YQKJWH.

Metalanguage in modern german fairy tales for adults in dialect

DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_251

Vera B. Merkuryeva

Natal’ya S. Novolodskaya

Abstract. The object of the article is mostly modern german humorous fairy tales for adults in dialect. Thoughts on the language, clarification of language points, comments on some lexemes, grammatical and stylistic phenomena are typical for all german-speaking writers working in different genres. A modern author’s fairy tale as a type of text also reflects the interest of its authors in certain linguistic points. The article analyzes examples of metalanguage, metacommunication in dialect about dialect, as well as in some cases about literary or foreign-language inclusions.  Various pragmatic effects created by metalanguage passages within the textotype of the fairy tale are studied.

Keywords: dialect, standard language, author’s fairy tale for adults, metalanguage, metacommunication, humor.

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Use of LoRa modulation in radio communication, navigation and surveillance aids for performing air traffic control tasks

DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_77

Muslim A. Mezhetov

Boris V. Lezhankin

Anna I. Tikhova

Ulyana S. Vakhrusheva 

Abstract. The paper considers the use of LoRa technology in the data transfer system for performing aircraft position-fixing by means of the network of multilateration ground stations. The urgency of the problem is that the methods used for transferring data do not meet the requirements for safety and security of the transmitted information so such systems are not protected against unauthorized access. The information transmitted is strategically important for performing air traffic management tasks on the territory of the Russian Federation. Unauthorized access can result in intercepting and spoofing the coordinate information of aircraft location. This is possible only in exceptional circumstances which lead to reduction in flight safety and transition of flight incidents to flight accidents. The security of transmitted information can be improved by applying noise-like signals which ensure better security indexes of transmitted signals and possess higher jamming resistance. A new LoRa technology of transferring data is widespread nowadays. The technology is based on the linear frequency modulation which has been used in radar systems for several decades.  The paper presents the algorithm of operating the multilateration data transfer system and its hardware-in-the-loop simulation implemented as a virtual device.

Key words: Linear frequency modulation, multilateration surveillance system, LoRa technology.

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