Категория: 2.9. Transport systems

Methodology and software for modeling the functioning of systems taking into account the characteristics of their reliability at the stages of operation and design

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_57

Sergey M. Krivel

Anastasia A. Lebedeva

Alexandra B. Spasibko

Abstract. The work is devoted to the creation of universal software for the development of computer models of systems that allow studying the parameters and characteristics of the reliability of systems based on the structural scheme of reliability, and the methodological principles of using the proposed software in the analysis of the operational properties of systems in their design. The software is an application (Toolbox) of the Simulink dynamic modeling system. Algorithms and programs are unified, grouped by purpose, designed to form mathematical and computer models of complex structural reliability systems. The proposed software allows performing a computational experiment to analyze reliability characteristics and to evaluate the effectiveness of measures to improve the reliability of technical and technological systems; it is enough to simply modify mathematical models; organize a software interface; process simulation results. The features of the software make it possible to effectively change both the characteristics and reliability parameters of the system elements and the structure of the interrelationships of the system elements from the point of view of the reliability of the entire system as a whole. The paper provides an example of using the software.

Keywords: SIMULINK, MATLAB, reliability, methods for calculating reliability parameters, reliability block diagrams, reliability of technical systems, reliability of technological systems, reliability of machines.

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Analytical study of the ionosphere influence on energy relations in satellite communication systems by the methods of physical plasma kinetics

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_98

Dmitry Vladimirovich Khazanov

Boris Valentinovich Lezhankin

Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Erokhin

Abstract. In civil aviation, an urgent and important task is to provide air traffic participants with uninterrupted radio communication. Satellite communication is a global mobile network covering the entire surface of the Earth, including polar regions, which provides a two-way data and voice communication exchange. An analysis of the principles of functioning of satellite communication systems (SCS) showed that the determination of energy characteristics is of great importance. Energy characteristics in satellite communication channels and the level of interference determine SCS operational capabilities and quality indicators. One of the critical factors that determine the effectiveness of the SCS functioning is the conditions for the propagation and absorption of radio waves, including ionospheric phenomena, which are not yet fully understood, and this determines the research relevance.

This article is devoted to theoretical studies of the ionospheric plasma by the methods of physical kinetics to increase the energy potential of the radio links of a satellite communication system.

Keywords: physical plasma kinetics, energy relations, satellite communication systems, Maxwell distribution function, ionospheric phenomena.

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Selection and justification of methods and mathematical models of equipment wear and replacement

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2023_1_27

Nikolai S. Khersonsky

Ludmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Abstract. The authors develop and show the practical applicability of mathematical models for assessing the wear of equipment. According to the property of fixed assets, which equipment belongs to, it has to be replaced as a result of wear and tear. In this connection, the relevance of the conducted research is caused by the search of models for assessing their state at a given moment of time. The complexity of developing such models is due to the fact that the characteristics of equipment performance are random values and random functions. When planning the work of the enterprise it is necessary to take into account the statistical characteristics of the survivability of the equipment. Only in this way it is possible to foresee in advance the amount of renewable equipment, the order of preventive maintenance and the terms in which equipment should be replaced to ensure uninterrupted implementation of the production program without excessive investment expenditures of the enterprise.

Key words:  mathematical models, wear and replacement of equipment, optimization.

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Selection and substantiation of parameters and performance indicators of the in- service inspection system of onboard aircraft equipment units

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_4_70

Sergey V. Kuznetsov

Abstract. The in-service inspection (ISI) system of onboard equipment of civil aircraft provides management of technical operation processes. Its quality is manifested in the process of in-service inspection. The ISI involves determining the technical state of monitor objects at various stages of operation: in flight, during operational maintenance (pre-flight and post-flight check), during periodic maintenance, after removing the equipment from the aircraft. The analysis of the problem of forming and improving the ISI system for onboard equipment shows its complexity requiring a systematic approach based on the appropriate mathematical apparatus. The ISI is characterized by the inspection accuracy, i.e. a property of technical state inspection which determines the degree of display objectivity as a result of monitoring the actual technical state of a monitor object. As quantitative parameters and performance indicators of the ISI system for onboard equipment, the characteristics of the inspection accuracy serve. To determine them, rational sets of technical states and decisions about the technical states of onboard units were formed. Based on belonging to these sets, three groups of the inspection accuracy characteristics were identified. The first group consists of conditional probabilities of transitions in the in-service inspection for various types of control. The second group consists of unconditional probabilities of transitions in the in-service inspection for various types of control. The third group consists of a posteriori decision-making probabilities in the process of in-service inspection for various types of control. Analytical dependencies for calculating the inspection accuracy characteristics of the three groups for onboard units and the relationship between them were determined.

Key words: in-service inspection system, technical operation process, technical state, inspection accuracy, onboard equipment.

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On improving the efficiency of the training of engineering and technical personnel of radio equipment and radio communication services based on the method of computer emulation of radio equipment

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_4_56

Stepan V. Shalupin

Eduard A. Bolelov

Vyacheslav V. Erokhin

Abstract. The quality of operation of objects of radio technical support for flights largely determines both their capabilities for air navigation support and the safety of flights of civil aviation aircraft. In turn, the quality of the work performed for the maintenance of facilities is determined by the level of professional training of the engineering and technical personnel of the services for the operation of radio technical flight support. The analysis of the personnel training system has shown that the forms of training have not changed much and still include lectures, group and practical classes, and exercises at real objects of radio technical support for flights. The methodological support of the implemented forms of training conducted in the training units is visual materials in the form of posters, dummies, interactive tools and layouts that do not provide dynamic filling of the studied methods of functioning and maintenance and repair of specific types of equipment. At the same time, for the personnel of the operation services, the skills and abilities of monitoring the technical condition and modes of operation of the objects of radio technical support for flights, diagnosing failures and technologies for carrying out maintenance work are especially important.

Radical changes in the system of training workers and increasing the effectiveness of this training can be achieved with the introduction of computer simulators based on the method of equipment emulation.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the training system for engineering and technical personnel of the services for the operation of radio equipment and communication facilities, the disclosure of its shortcomings and the consideration of the method of computer emulation of objects of radio technical support for flights, as the basis for building simulator systems.

Keywords: radio engineering support of flights, maintenance, engineering and technical personnel, advanced training, emulation, computer simulator.

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Implementation of multiple-level education in the professional training of specialists for airport emergency services

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_4_17

Natalia N. Ivanskaia

Valerii A. Kuklev

Andrey V. Seleznev

Nikolay I. Nikolaykin

Abstract. The purpose of the article is to harmonize the professional training of bachelors and masters in the field of firefighting and rescue support for flights with the current regulatory frame-work governing the activities of rescuers in aviation. As a result, positions with the qualifications of “bachelor” and “master” were allocated in the organizational structure of the airport RFFS. The labor functions corresponding to them are determined; professional competencies and indicators of their achievement are formulated; the courses of the professional block of the curriculum for the preparation of bachelors and masters are proposed.

Keywords: rescue and firefighting, civil aviation, Federal State Educational Standard (FSES) 3++.

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Algorithm of applicability of statistical methods for control, regulation and prediction of output parameters of products

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_4_6

Nikolai S. Khersonsky

Ludmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Abstract. Logically, the article is a continuation of an earlier study devoted to determining the practical applicability of statistical methods for assessing the compliance of manufactured products with the requirements of regulatory documentation and reflects their application depending on the stages of the product life cycle. The results obtained suggest that the application of this method in various industries (aviation, mechanical engineering, shipbuilding, defense, etc.) will significantly improve the quality of finished products, as well as guarantee the operational performance of components manufactured by domestic manufacturers in the format of solving the problem of import substitution.

Key words: flight safety, import substitution, products, quality of finished products and components, non-conforming products.

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Parametric analysis of aerodynamic characteristics of the wig layout tandem schemes

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_4_30

Sergey M. Krivel

Egor A. Galushko

Yuri F. Vshivkov

Abstract. The work is devoted to the study of aerodynamic characteristics of the WIG original layout and the assessment of influence of its geometric parameters on the aerodynamic characteristics. A brief overview of the history of synthesis of the investigated WIG scheme is presented. The aerodynamic layout is made according to the “tandem” scheme of two wings and a high-mounted stabilizer. The influence of kinematic flight parameters (angle of attack and distance to the underlying surface), deflection angles of aerodynamic surfaces (flaps and steering surfaces), the relative position of the wings, the presence and parameters of end washers and winglets on the WIG aerodynamic characteristics is investigated. The results of the work allow us to conclude that the deflection angles of aerodynamic surfaces have a significant effect on the values of aerodynamic coefficients and the value of aerodynamic quality. These effects can be used to control the WIG, improve or provide a number of flight characteristics. The most preferred parameters of the aerodynamic layout are evaluated in terms of ensuring the highest aerodynamic quality. A number of defining features of the flow around the proposed WIG scheme and its elements are identified and demonstrated in the work. The potential positive properties of the layout are highlighted, which can significantly affect the feasibility and effectiveness of the WIG as a design object.

Keywords: ekranoplan, aerodynamic ground-effect craft, aerodynamic characteristics, aerodynamic layout, layout parameters of the WIG, GEV (ground-effect vehicle), WIG (wing-in-ground-effect).

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The theorem of gaseous and liquid media vortex formation

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_3_47

Nikolay V. Danilenko

Anton G. Kirenchev

Abstract. The object of research is vortex formation of gas (liquid) media. The state of the vortex formation issue is determined. The theoretical substantiation of the vortex formation problem is given. The kinematic essence of the gas-dynamic phenomenon of vortex formation is established. Its contradictions are revealed. The working process of vortex formation is established. Efficiency parameters and operating parameters are obtained. The place of vortex formation in the equation of conservation of the energy of gas motion is indicated. A set of factors for the generation of vortex activity of natural and man-made vortex formation has been established. A theorem on vortex formation is proposed. Its consequences and areas of practical application are outlined.

Keywords: vortex formation of gas (liquid) media, factors of generation and activation of vortex formation, workflow of gas (liquid) media, definition of vortex formation, vortex formation theorem, classification of vortex formation.

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Control of evaluating non-conforming products based on statistical methods

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_3_33

Nikolai S. Khersonsky

Ludmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Abstract. The purpose of this work is to determine the practical applicability of statistical methods for assessing the compliance of manufactured products with the requirements of regulatory documentation and substantiating the feasibility of strategic planning of their production range. The advantage of this study is the development of a universal algorithm for the system of applying statistical methods to control nonconforming products and reduce the number of defects caused by known and little-known causes. The reliability of the conclusions obtained is due to the results of experiments carried out as part of the technological process, the objects of which were cylindrical parts made by pressing from materials of various physical and chemical composition used in various industries: aviation, mechanical engineering, shipbuilding, defense, etc. 

Key words: statistical methods, quality of components, nonconforming products, requirements of regulatory documentation, flight safety.

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