Категория: # 2, 2022

The problem of developing students’ independent work skills as a pressing issue requiring discussion

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_209

Shekerbek Z. Kurmankulov

Tazagul T. Tashtanbekova

Maria K. Zhoroeva

Ul A. Mamatova

Abstract. The article presents the results of a survey of teachers in the Kyrgyz Republic concerning organizing students’ independent work in teaching practice. Strengths and weaknesses of developing students’ independence in teaching science and math disciplines were systematized, difficulties in organizing students’ independent work were revealed and analyzed and their understanding will allow the strategy of teacher training to be changed. The urgency of the conducted study is due to the search of means of involving teachers in discussion of difficult issues of modern education in implementing the new state standard adopted in the Kyrgyz Republic.

Key words: independence, independent work, self-education, self-improvement, students, survey, individualization, differentiation, competence approach.

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Argumentative space of the pedagogical normative discourse (based on german)

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_91

Tatyana M. Bolshakova

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the argumentative space of the pedagogical normative discourse, represented by various types of texts that contain rules of conduct intended for students of German primary schools. The paper considers the structure of the argumentative space, identifies the types of contextual arguments and carries out their classification. Based on the study of the composition of argumentative constructions, the types of logical relations between theses and arguments are determined, the role of argumentative constructions in the structure of the text at the macro and micro levels is described. Based on the analysis of empirical material, it is concluded that the normative text has an argumentative potential, but the argumentative and normative spaces of texts reveal a certain autonomy and coexist in parallel. The pragmatic structure of the argumentative space is actualized and superimposed on the pragmatic structure of the normative space in the case of the argumentation procedure. The analysis of the text array also showed that the widespread use of various types of contextual arguments and ways of their verbal embodiment of argumentation in most selected text units indicates the systematic nature of argumentation as a means of convincing influence on schoolchildren, who must decode and assimilate normative statements. The novelty of the study lies in the involvement of normative texts as an object of study of argumentation and the definition of patterns that determine the features of the construction of an argumentative space in pedagogical discourse.

Key words: argumentation, argumentative space, contextual argument, arguer, recipient, pedagogical discourse, normative discourse.

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The functioning of anthroponyms in the linguo-cognitive internet space based on the forum role-play game “legends of Empya”

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_109

Andrey G. Fomin

Vladislav. I. Chobotar

Abstract. The cognitive foundations of proper names contain features that allow identifying algorithms and mechanisms for naming and creating a nickname both in real life and in virtual space. This article presents the analysis of characters’ names in the forum role-play fantasy game “Legends of Empya”, reveals the players’ motives while naming characters and describes mechanisms for creating a in-game nickname. The functioning of anthroponyms in the forum role-play game in various communicative situations confirms the importance of correct perception and understanding of names by other players for successful internal communication. The combination of semantic and cognitive aspects of the linguistic picture of the forum role-play game for understanding the functioning of in-game nicknames is a new and promising direction of modern linguistics, and the results of the study complement the existing onomastic theories.

Key words: in-game nickname, name choice motive, name semantics, linguistic picture of forum role-play game, cognitive aspect of communication

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Evaluative words in the discription of military-political conflicts in chinese media

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_77

Andrey G. Fomin

Elizaveta S. Trofimova

Abstract. The article reveals the analysis of lexical means containing evaluation of military-political conflicts in Chinese mass media. As a result of continuous sampling, the authors picked out 250 texts devoted to military-political conflicts and pinpointed 248 thematically relevant words and word combinations, having connotation in their semantic structure. If during the first period (1990-2013) Chinese mass media used mainly modal verbs to express advice and parentheses to refer to the source of information in relation to military-political discourse, during the second period (2014-2022) the choice of words which are used to inform people about the conflict has changed considerably. Evaluative semes were identified after the definition analysis of the obtained lexical units. The lexical units used by Chinese mass media have explicit negative connotation. Often they are used as conflictogenes as applying them China explicitly condemns the parties to a conflict and / or the superpowers standing behind the conflict. The texts are abundant in evaluative words, which helps to produce strong pragmatic influence on the addressee of the message. As for the parts of speech these words belong to, the most frequent ones are the verbs and nouns derived from them. Such a tendency helps to show the dynamic nature of the conflict. The second most frequent group is descriptive adjectives used in comparative and superlative constructions. This lexical units allow the media to reflect the tension of the conflict and create a bright image. Besides, to enhance their influence on the target audience, the media utilize multiple metaphors, which, again, contain evaluative words. 

Key words: evaluativity category, military-political discourse, conflictogene, connotation, mass media discourse, military-political conflict, Chinese media, conflict, evaluative vocabulary, evaluative component.

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About the legitimacy of the technical operation process description by semi-markov models in relation to the aircraft fleet

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_34

Sergey S. Trishin

Evgeniya A. Achkasova

Oksana G. Boiko

Galina A. Isheeva

Abstract. The authors studied the time the Mi-8T Mi8-MTV aircraft spent in the states of technical operation. The statistical data of the operating airline of JSC “Norilsk Avia” were used. Statistical distribution laws are formalized for each time series of variations. The conformity of the theoretical and obtained statistical laws of time distribution according to the Pearson criterion has been verified. It is confirmed that the process of technical operation of aircraft in practical tasks can be considered as a semi-Markov one.

Keywords: semi-Markov process, time spent in the process state, statistical data processing, exponential distribution, technical operation of aircraft, integral distribution function.

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Principles of integration of management systems and safety management systems

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_6

Nikolai S. Khersonsky

Lyudmila G. Bolshedvorskaya

Abstract. The complication of aircraft maintenance processes in the aerodrome area under the influence of extreme, and often uncontrolled use of unmanned aerial vehicles, jeopardizes aircraft (AC) flight safety, entailing consequences from acts of unlawful interference and terrorist threats, danger to life and public health, environmental changes. This is the purpose of the study, which resulted in a new mechanism for ensuring safety through the development of a management systems integration model (IMS) and a flight safety management system (SMS). Particular attention is paid to the issue of introducing electronic IMS models in combination with SMS, the development of which is built taking into account the requirements of the management system and modern IT technologies that ensure the interconnection of the main, supporting processes and management processes, indicators of management processes, flight safety and parameters of the main business processes with the business characteristics of the aerodrome.

Keywords: Risks, quality, flight safety, integration, integrated management system, Bayesian trust networks, Petri nets.

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Axiological potential of english gastronym neologisms

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DOI 10.51955/2312-1327_2022_2_123

Veronika V. Katermina

Natalia S. Solovyeva

Abstract. The article is devoted to the problem of studying axiological aspects of gastronomic discourse based on the analysis of English neologisms-gastronyms. Gastronomic discourse is one of the forms of communication representing a system of dominants. The material for the study was English neological gastronymic units taken from the electronic dictionaries Wordspy, Macmillan Dictionary, Urban Dictionary, Cambridge Dictionaries Online Blog and analyzed as indicators of changes taking place in society. The article also notes that the evaluative possibilities of neologisms-gastronyms, their axiological resources are revealed in a certain discursive environment as well as the emergence and consolidation in use of the new lexical units themselves. Evaluation in gastronomic discourse is given on a variety of grounds depending on axiological orientations of the speakers, but, as a rule, it is located on the “good / bad” scale which has a pronounced subjective character and is determined by axiological orientations of native speakers. When analyzing the evaluative component of gastronome neologisms, new approaches to food products are found that were not previously characteristic of the English-speaking society. It is noted that food is no longer considered solely as a source of nutrition.

Key words: axiology, value, gastronomic discourse, gastronom, culture, food culture, neologism, evaluation, language, discursive practices.

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Automated device for determining the changes in phase and state of polymer materials

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_19

Nikolai G. Filippenko

Denis V. Bakanin

Vladimir S. Bychkovsky

Abstract. This paper is devoted to the development of a control system for the study of thermophysical properties and phase transformations in polymer and composite materials. The use of polymeric materials instead of non-ferrous and stainless metals is a necessary and promising process in the production and repair of units and mechanisms of aircraft. This trend has received particular development in recent decades, not only in aviation, but also in the entire transport engineering. Replacing metals with plastics and composites based on them reduces the main indicator in the products of this industry, namely its weight. Often, when designing and operating aircraft, it becomes simply impossible to manufacture competitive products without the use of polymers and composites in their design. The strength properties of polymers in a number of aircraft designs are compensated by the resources of their use, which are not always measured by significant time resources. Nevertheless, despite the unique capabilities of new structural polymers, the issue of changing their electro-physic-chemical properties in the process of exposure to temperature loads and other external factors during operation remains open. The algorithm of automated control and monitoring of the experimental study of the process of high-frequency electrothermy presented by the authors makes it possible to obtain more objective data on the results of the studies. The implemented algorithm of the automated control system, in the form of a software package, made it possible to obtain new and clarify the existing results of previously conducted experiments in relation to structural materials used in the manufacture and repair of aircraft and other vehicles.

Key words: transport, polymeric materials, composites, thermophysical properties, automated control system for scientific research, phase transformations.

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Mixing business with pleasure: how to learn foreign language and culture with movies

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_152

Еlena Е. Kalish

Yuliya B. Dyundik

Abstract. The command of a language is a practical skill that helps a human to adapt in society. Teaching a foreign language should also be done in compliance with the practical nature of linguistic knowledge. A language is to be studied in the context of its usage within the discourse that makes linguistic utterances truly meaningful. Watching movies for pedagogical purposes allows students to learn a foreign language in the media that matches natural cultural discourse as closely as possible. Thus, the movie demonstrates the context of the language usage and shows thе fragments of its native speakers’ life. The authors suggest their own discourse-oriented methods of work with the movie resources as an alternative to traditional educational materials, such as texts. These methods may be used by educators in preparation of their own film-related tasks, a very time-consuming process by itself.

Key words: movie, movie industry, movie resources, learning a foreign language, teaching a foreign language, discourse, context of situation, adaptive ability.

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Linguistic modeling of the image of the future in political discourse

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DOI 10.51955/23121327_2022_2_64

Nadezhda N. Kazydub

Daria A. Sergeeva

Abstract. The paper focuses on the image of the future modeling as a potent tool for creating the illocutionary force of political discourse.  The study is based on the linguistic analysis of Tony Blair’s public speeches. It has been stated, that the image of the future possesses a great potential in terms of impact on the target audience in political discourse. The content specifics and language representation of the future are motivated by three factors:  the speaker’s intentionality, properties of the pragmatic context and the characteristics of the target audience. The complex nature of the pragmatic effect construal has been substantiated and made explicit. It consists in activating the language units that transfer positive evaluation of the future in terms of  attractiveness, innovation and solidarity. The construal of the future in political communication  is modeled as a discourse operation involving several levels of achieving the destination (pragmatic effect): contact-making, conceptual, affective, voluntary and evaluative.

Key words: image, future, modeling, model, political discourse, levels of linguistic impact, linguistic function, orientation function.

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